Facing Adversity A Personal Experience of Overcoming the Difficulties of Type 1 Diabetes free essay sample

My life changed suddenly on my first day of third grade. I was lying on a hospital bed when a doctor said, â€Å"I am sorry, you have type 1 diabetes.† At the time, I did not understand what diabetes was and how it would affect my future. All I knew was that my life would never be the same. My parents were worried that I would not be able to do things that other kids did, but as it turned out, maturing at a young age and taking on responsibilities made me who I am today. My first reaction when I heard the news was to ask; â€Å"Will I ever be able to eat doughnuts again?† I had a feeling my life as I knew it was going to change. Fast food and desserts were hastily eliminated from my diet. During Girl Scout meetings and birthday parties, I had to turn down the sugary menu. We will write a custom essay sample on Facing Adversity: A Personal Experience of Overcoming the Difficulties of Type 1 Diabetes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Eventually, my new healthy diet helped manage my blood sugar levels and taught me an important lesson: feeling well starts with eating well. I also had to learn to listen to my body. At first, I did not recognize the symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. I slowly started to match the dizzy, shaky feeling with low blood sugars and the nauseous moody feeling with high blood sugars. With this knowledge in mind, I was able to take the measures to correct the low or high blood sugar levels before they became dangerous. I learned to listen to my instincts. Over time, I also learned the importance of being patient with others who may not understand diabetes. In elementary school, my classmates would ask me questions like â€Å"Can you not eat sugar ever again?† and â€Å"What is that?† as they point to my insulin pump. I knew that others did not understand what it is like to be in my shoes, so I always answered their questions sincerely and with patience. Sometimes, it was hard being the only child at school who had diabetes. Even though I had my family and many friends who supported me, I felt alone. My co ndition was new to me and I had no diabetic role models to show me the way. I had to learn about diabetes through experience. I knew others were striving to understand my diabetes too, but they could never know how it feels to have huge responsibilities that directly affect their health. The major lifestyle change from my diagnosis was my new responsibilities and independence. I had to learn early on how to take care of my blood sugar levels without my parents help since I was alone at school. My parents encouraged me to learn how to give myself insulin shots and check my blood sugar. After about a year, I could perform those tasks and manage my diabetes on my own. This trust made me responsible since I knew I had to make the best decisions for myself. My control over my diabetes showed my parents that I could be trusted with even bigger responsibilities down the road such as driving and deciding what career I should pursue. I also learned how to handle responsibilities as life gav e them to me, such as homework and preparing for the ACT. Being diagnosed with diabetes taught me the importance of consequences. If I do not check my blood sugars and control my diabetes, I run the risk of putting myself in a medical emergency. In the same way, if I do not keep up with my homework and prepare for tests, my grades will suffer. The moment I was diagnosed with diabetes was the beginning of a new me. At first, I did not think I could make the lifestyle changes I did in order to be healthy, but I did and I faced it with courage.

Understanding Parasocial Relationships with Celebs

Understanding Parasocial Relationships with Celebs Have you ever wondered what a movie character, a celebrity, or a TV personality would do, even when you’re not watching them on-screen? Have you felt close to a character or celebrity even though you’ve never met them in real life? If youve had one of these common experiences, youve experienced a parasocial relationship: an enduring relationship with a media figure. Key Terms Parasocial relationship: An ongoing, one-sided bond with a media figureParasocial interaction: An imagined interaction with a media figure during a discrete viewing situation Donald Horton and Richard Wohl first introduced the concept of parasocial relationships, along with the related idea of parasocial interaction, in the 1950s. Although the relationship is one-sided, it is psychologically similar to a real-life social relationship. Origins In their 1956 article, â€Å"Mass Communication and Para-Social Interaction: Observations on Intimacy at a distance,† Horton and Wohl described both parasocial relationships and parasocial interaction for the first time. They used the terms somewhat interchangeably, but mostly focused their exploration on the illusion of conversational give-and-take a media consumer experiences with a media figure while watching a TV show or listening to a radio program. This led to some conceptual confusion. Although a great deal of research has been done on parasocial phenomena, especially since the 1970s and 1980s, the most widely utilized scale in that research, the Parasocial Interaction Scale, combines questions about parasocial interactions and parasocial relationships. However, today, scholars generally agree the two concepts are related but different. Defining Parasocial Interactions and Relationships When a media consumer feels like they are interacting with a media figure- a celebrity, fictional character, radio host, or even a puppet- during a discrete viewing or listening scenario, they are experiencing a parasocial interaction. For example, if a viewer feels like they are hanging out at the Dunder-Mifflin office while watching the TV comedy The Office, they are engaging in a parasocial interaction. On the other hand, if the media user imagines a long-term bond with a media figure that extends outside the viewing or listening situation, it is considered a parasocial relationship.  The bond can be either positive or negative. For instance, if an individual adores the host of their local morning program and often thinks about and discusses the host as if he is one of their friends, that individual has a parasocial relationship with the host. Scholars have observed that parasocial interactions can lead to parasocial relationships, and parasocial relationships can strengthen parasocial interactions. This process resembles the way that spending time with a person in real-life can result in a friendship that then gets deeper and more committed when the individuals spend additional time together. Parasocial vs. Interpersonal Relationships Although the idea of parasocial relationships may seem unusual at first, it’s important to remember that for most media consumers, this is a perfectly normal and psychologically healthy reaction to encounters with on-screen individuals. Humans are wired to make social connections. Media did not exist through a majority of human evolution, and so when consumers are presented with a person or person-like individual via video or audio media, their brains respond as if they were engaging in a real-life social situation. This response does not mean that the individuals believe the interaction is real. Despite media consumers’ knowledge that the interaction is an illusion, however, their perception will cause them to react to the situation as if it were real. In fact, research has shown that the development, maintenance, and dissolution of a parasocial relationship is similar in many ways to real-life interpersonal relationships. For example, one study found that when television viewers perceive a favorite television performer as having an attractive personality and as being competent in their abilities, a parasocial relationship will develop. Surprisingly, physical attraction was found to be less important to the development of parasocial relationships, leading the researchers to conclude that television viewers prefer to develop relationships with television personalities they find socially attractive and who are attractive for their capabilities.  Ã‚   Another investigation assessed the way psychological commitments to a media figure led to the maintenance of parasocial relationships. Two different studies showed that for both fictional television characters, like Homer Simpson, and non-fictional television personas, like Oprah Winfrey, people were more committed to their parasocial relationship when (1) they felt satisfied watching the figure, (2) felt committed to continue watching the figure, and (3) felt that they didnt have good alternatives to the media figure. The researchers used a scale originally developed to assess interpersonal relationships to measure commitment to parasocial relationships, demonstrating that theories and measures of interpersonal relationships can be successfully applied to parasocial relationships. Finally, research has demonstrated that media consumers can experience parasocial breakups when a parasocial relationship ends. This can happen for a number of reasons, such as a television or movie series coming to an end, a character leaving a show, or a media consumer deciding to no longer watch or listen to a show where a character or personality appears. For example, a 2006 study examined how viewers reacted when the popular TV sitcom Friends ended its broadcast run. The researchers found that the more intense the viewers’ parasocial relationships with the characters, the greater the viewers’ distress when the show ended. The pattern of loss Friends fans exhibited was similar to that displayed by those who have lost a real-life relationship, although the emotions were less intense overall. Of course, while this research demonstrates the similarities between parasocial and interpersonal relationships, there are also important distinctions. A parasocial relationship is always mediated and one-sided, with no opportunity for mutual give-and-take. People can engage in as many parasocial relationships as they want and and can break them off whenever they choose without consequence. In addition, parasocial relationships can be shared with family members and friends without jealousy. In fact, discussing a mutual parasocial relationship can actually strengthen the bond in a real-life social relationship. Parasocial Bonds in the Digital Age While much of work involving parasocial phenomena has centered on parasocial bonds with radio, movie, and especially television characters and personalities, digital technology has introduced a new medium through which parasocial relationships can be developed, maintained, and even strengthened. For example, a researcher examined the way fans of the boy band New Kids on the Block maintained their parasocial relationships with the band members by posting to the band’s website. The analysis was conducted following the announcement of the band’s reunion after a 14-year break. On the website, fans expressed their continued devotion to the band, their affection towards its members, and their desire to see the band again. They also shared stories about how the band had helped them in their own lives. Thus, computer-mediated communication assisted fans in their parasocial relationship maintenance. Before the dawn of the internet, people could write fan letters to achieve a similar experience, but the researcher observed that online communication appeared to make fans feel closer to media figures, and that this could make the disclosure of personal feelings and anecdotes more likely.  Ã‚   It stands to reason, then, that social networks like Facebook and Twitter would make an even more substantial contribution to the maintenance of parasocial relationships. Celebrities appear to write and share their own messages with fans on these sites, and fans can respond to their messages, creating the potential for fans to develop even greater feelings of intimacy with media figures. So far, minimal research has been conducted on the way these technological developments impact parasocial relationships, but the topic is ripe for future research. Sources Branch, Sara E., Kari M. Wilson, and Christopher R. Agnew. â€Å"Committed to Oprah, Homer, and House: Using the Investment Model to Understand Parasocial Relationships.† Psychology of Popular Media Culture, vol. 2, no. 2, 2013, pp. 96-109, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0030938Dibble, Jayson L., Tilo Hartmann, and Sarah F. Rosaen. â€Å"Parasocial interaction and Parasocial Relationship: Conceptual Clarification and a Critical Assessment of Measures.† Human Communication Research, vol. 42, no. 1, 2016, pp. 21-44, https://doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12063  Eyal, Keren, and Jonathan Cohen. â€Å"When Good Friends Say Goodbye: A Parasocial Breakup Study.† Journal of Broadcasting Electronic Media, vol. 50, no. 3, 2006, pp. 502-523, https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem5003_9Giles, David, C. â€Å"Parasocial Interaction: A Review of the Literature and a Model for Future Research.† Media Psychology, vol. 4, no. 3., 2002, pp. 279-305, https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532785XM EP0403_04Horton, Donald, and R. Richard Wohl. â€Å"Mass Communication and Parasocial Interaction: Observation of Intimacy at a Distance.† Psychiatry, vol. 19, no. 3, 1956, pp. 215-229, https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.1956.11023049 Hu, Mu. â€Å"The influence of a scandal on parasocial relationship, parasocial interaction, and parsocial breakup.† Psychology of Popular Media Culture, vol. 5, no. 3, 2016, pp. 217-231, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000068Rubin, Alan M., Elizabeth M. Perse, and Robert A. Powell. â€Å"Loneliness, parasocial interaction, and local television news viewing.† Human Communication Research, vol. 12, no. 2, 1985, pp. 155-180, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00071.xRubin, Rebecca B., and Michael P. McHugh. â€Å"Development of Parasocial Interaction Relationships.† Journal of Broadcasting Electronic Media, vol. 31, no. 3, 1987, pp. 279-292, https://doi.org/10.1080/08838158709386664Sanderson, James. â€Å"’You Are All Loved So Much:’ Exploring Relational Maintenance Within the Context of Parasocial Relationships.† Journal of Media Psychology, vol. 21, no. 4, 2009, pp. 171-182, https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105.21.4.171

Social impacts of tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social impacts of tourism - Essay Example But not all of the results of successful tourism are necessarily beneficial. While the economic impact is usually the primary focus, it is the social impacts that tend to be less considered. It is important to understand the side of the people who call these amazing far away destinations their home. Whenever tourism booms in a given location the majority of the time the initial response is wholly positive. The newfound and continuing income that tourism can provide is a particular incentive. (Blasco Peris) Tourism, also, provides more enjoyable activities, better maintenance of streets and popular architecture, finer dining and businesses, new infrastructure, and ideally greater local pride. It can, also, contribute to positive population growth, intercultural communication, and a rise in a locale’s property values.("Tourism Social Indicators" 2) All of these things turn a given location into a very lucrative place. One of the highlights of tourism for a local population is th e fact that to accommodate the demand of visitors it may lead to a huge growth in employment opportunities. The Dambulla Tourism Destination, in Sri Lanka, was determined to make sure that the residents were involved and supportive of the tourism moving into their area. The tourism created an 85% increase in potential employment.(Chandralal 3) However, not all of the social impacts of tourism are good. Sometimes the tourism brings with a slew of side-effects that have negative impacts on the populations that are being visited. The cost of living may increase. There may be an increase in drugs and alcohol related incidents, along with overall greater crime rates. All of these are a consideration. There can be issues of overcrowding and greater use of public resources, like heath, police, and fire services. ("Tourism Social Indicators" 2) But it is the disruption of local traditions and life that can have the greatest negative impact. Tourism is an invasion, of sorts. It may be a peac eful and unintentionally intrusive invasion, but all the same, an invasion.(Blasco Peris) The presence of tourists is disruptive to the day to day life of the local populations. It must be quite overwhelming when large amounts of tourists, with strange languages and attitudes very different from what they may be accustomed to are surrounding them. A community can become so dependent upon the tourism income that they give up traditional tasks to work in the jobs demanded that tourism has created.(Ragsdale) It can change the feel and familiarity of the locals with their home surroundings and cause them to not feel at home in their own homes. This usually occurs when the number of tourist reach a certain point that the local population may start to feel smothered. It is when this happens and the benefits of tourism are not being felt, the local population may become resentful and unpleasant to the tourists; treating the tourists like terrorists.(Blasco Peris) Tourists never intended to become a nuisance to the locales that they visit, but all the same, it can happen. Many of the experts say that tourism will never be successful unless the local people are in agreement, they need that support to make a sustainable tourism industry in their communities a success. (Chandralal 2) That is why many areas that are considering opening themselves up and encouraging tourism are working harder, than in the past, to gain

Critically discuss the relationship between knowledge and power in one Essay

Critically discuss the relationship between knowledge and power in one or more of the public institutions i.e (Universities, schools, museums) referring to specific examples or case studies - Essay Example Many researchers have concurred that knowledge is always a product of power. Power and knowledge have always been intimately connected in the institutions of higher learning. Universities all over the world are practicing under the power relations of their societies. For example a number of research activities in the universities are often funded by the industries as well as political institutions holding power. There are a number of cases at the University of Cambridge where the relationship between power and knowledge is displayed. For example knowledge and power have been significantly used together to enhance the freedom of individuals as well as assert discipline on the members of the University community. The use of new technologies in public institutions and particularly in the universities and colleges has significantly reshaped the relationship between power, knowledge and learning. The current information explosion driven by rapid adoption of internet all over the world has led to more questions regarding the relationship between power and knowledge. On the other hand, the new knowledge acquisition methods have also significantly changed the relationship between the learners and the sources of knowledge. With regard to the relationship between power and knowledge, University of Cambridge has developed an institutional framework that manages the relations of power in the university. For example although the private donors can not directly influence the key academic appointments, they usually fund various academic posts or faculties and this only means that the study programs at the university are determined by those wielding power. On the other hand, the knowledge produced is often a product of the university procedures. This paper uses Cambridge University as a case study to analyze the relationship between knowledge and power in public institutions. Power and knowledge are often used hand in hand in public institutions to enable the

A bill of rights is essential to protect citizens from their Essay

A bill of rights is essential to protect citizens from their government. Discuss - Essay Example Recent developments in the Philippines have put this Southeast Asian country in the news and have garnered the attention of the international community once more. This involves the spate of killings of activists and journalists by unknown elements alleged to be connected with the military. (Amnesty International, 2005, p. 202) According to the non-government organization KARAPATAN (Alliance for the Advancement of Human Rights) (2006), there have been 607 documented killings from January 2001 to May 30, 2006. Amnesty International, the European Union and the Catholic Church have each spoken out against the government to condemn these acts of politically-motivated state-sponsored executions. This paper will examine whether or not a bill of rights, standing alone, is enough to protect the people from the excesses of government and it will use the current Philippine problem of extra-judicial killings as background. It will argue that the defense of sovereignty -- and, as a corollary to that, internal security -- is not enough to justify the use of state-sponsored repression. The phenomenon of state-sponsored oppression is by no means unique to the Philippines. It has in fact been extensively researched and discussed all over the world. Says Mitchell and McCormick (1988, p. 476) Governments organize police forces and armies to protect their citizens, build schools and hospitals to educate and care for them, and provide financial assistance for the old and unemployed. But governments also kill, torture and imprison their citizens. This dark side of government knows no geographic, economic, ideological or political boundary. Such killings and torture demonstrate grave violations of political rights and liberties. It has been opined that political rights and liberties are of paramount importance because of their impact on other rights, such as social and economic rights (Bollen, 1986, p. 567). The universal condemnation of

Overview of the Pickle Industry in India

Overview of the Pickle Industry in India Pickles chutney is the traditional specialties product of India and has gained an important position in the Indian cuisine. They are eaten along with main course and provide tempting tastes. Pickles are prepared from Fruits and Vegetables and they supplement the food with vitamins and minerals. There are many types of pickles available in India like Chilly Pickles, Green Pickles, Lemon Chutney, Mango chutney, Gherkins, Mango Pickles, Onion Prpd/Prsvd and Tomato chutney etc. Indias Export of Pickles chutney was Rs. 250.62 Crores in 2007-08. The major market for Indian Pickles chutney are Russia, U.S.A, Belgium, Netherlands and France. Introduction, history overview of the companyJashn pickles was earlier known as boom pickles. Boom pickles was incorporated on may 15th 1989 in recent years had achieved tremendous success in india. But due to immense competition the company was not able to take quick decisions did not change its strategies in the competitive amrket. Eventually the goodwill of the company diminished the board of directors resigned. A new board consisting of 4 board members from the same industry were appointed. The new board suggested a change in name which was eventually agreed by the shareholders the company law approved of it. The determination hard work put in by the employees of the company paid off jashn pickles now have manufacturing units in all the zones viz north, east, west, south. The company retained its base in mumbai. Strategies adopted in indiaThe print media the idiot box helped us in achieving the required attention like the news of our comeback in the newspaper television channels. The billboards on the best buses in mubai, posters in the local trains on the ooh media service in railways helped us set our image in the minds of the people. A new strategy which is called the pique technique where you keep on repeating the name in full speed. This irritates a normal human being but at the end of the day the name registers in his mind. Need to go globalGlobalization is necessary for the following reasons: 1: profit maximization: the main moto of a business is to achieve profits. If we enter into a wider market the chances of profit increases what great opportunity to enter the foreign market after the success of your product in india. 2: stagnant or shrinking domestic markets: the pickle industry in india has grown very rapidly in recent times. A lot of manufacturers have come into existence which has shrinked the market for pickles in india. Although covering entire india is not possible as the scope is huge we have opted to go global. 3: foreign revenue: globalization is necessary to earn foreign exchange currency for the country as it is our duty to earn for our country. This will help us to achieve economies of scale. 4: reduce dependency on single market : as mentioned above, the competitors are increasing day by day in india. So to reduce the dependency on a single market we plan to go global in search of a much bigger market less competition. WHICH COUNTRY? It is the first time for jashn pickles to go overseas. After market research in many different countries we zeroed in on the united arab emirates (uae). The united arab emirates (uae) is a situated in the southeast of the arabian peninsula in southwest asia on the persian gulf, bordering oman and saudi arabia. The seven states, termed emirates, are abu dhabi, ajman, dubai, fujairah, ras al-khaimah, sharjah and umm al-quwain. The uae, rich in oil and natural gas, has become highly prosperous after gaining foreign direct investment funding in the 1970s. The country has a relatively high human development index for the asian continent, ranking 31st globally, and had a gdp purchasing power parity of $200.5 billion in 2009 according to the imf. The population of the country is 4,621,399. The currency in uae is dirhams (1 dirham = 13 inr). We will be targeting 3 of the 7 emirates I.E. Abu dhabi,dubai sharjah as our first target audience is indians these three emirates constitute a higher percentage of indians. WHY UAE? Indians in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) constitute a large part of population of the country. Over a million Indian migrants are estimated to be living in the UAE (2000), who form over 40% of the total population of the UAE. A majority of Indians live in the three largest cities of the UAE Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Sharjah. Indian contact with the emirates that now constitute the UAE dates back several centuries, as a result of trade and commerce between the emirates and India. More recently, the UAE has experienced a tremendous increase in the population of Indians who, having migrated to the country as a result of opportunities in petroleum, construction and other industries, far outnumber the population of local Emiratis. While most Indian migrants support the manufacturing and transport industries, a sizable minority of migrants are involved in professional services and entrepreneurship. Relations between India and the UAE have traditionally been friendly, though recent incidents relating to the treatment of the Indian migrant labor force by companies in the UAE have been the source of friction between the two nations. Also UAE is the hub for exports in the gulf so it will be easier for us in the future to export in gulf countries. PRODUCTS IN UAE TRADITIONAL EXOTIC RECIPIES JASHN SPECIALITIES DIET PICKLES NON-VEG PICKLES Mango Pickled potatoes Cheese dips garnished with zatar Soya pickles Chicken pickles Lemon Pickled mushrooms Lemon marmalade Bitter guard pickles Prawn pickles Mix vegetable Pickled okra Strawberry Pickles Amla pickles Fish pickles Green chili Pickled chickpeas Lamb pickles Red chili Pickled lentils Eggplant Carrot Onions Garlic pickles AN ARTICLE ON PICKLES A report by Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) stated that during the year 2000-01, total production of pickles was 13645.16 metric tones and in 2002-03 the country earned Rs 154.16 lakh through exports. The exports could be doubled if provided efforts were made to organize the pickle industry. However, by using little care and simple technology, pickles can be prepared and preserved for a long period, the report suggested. The finer aspects of pickle making can boosting export of this delicacy from India. In order to overcome bitter taste of pickles the report pointed out that spices should not be cooked for a long time and a low concentration of vinegar should be used. Strict hygienic practice and iron utensils be never used. The scum formation in pickles occurs when mild yeast gains entry into the pickles. The problem can be overcome by adding acetic acid. Regarding cloudiness in pickles, the report said this can be seen in onion pickles or where whole fruits or vegetables are the material for pickle making. It can be checked by using small and thin textured material for pickle making especially onions. Blemishes in pickles can be seen in case of onion pickles and is due to some kind of fermentation. Such defect can be prevented by using fresh vinegar at the time of curing. Good quality oil and spices should be used for getting best flavor in pickles. LEVELS OF A PRODUCT The CORE product is NOT the tangible, physical product. Thats because the core product is the BENEFIT of the product that makes it valuable to you. So with the car example, the benefit is convenience i.e. the ease at which you can go where you like, when you want to. Another core benefit is speed since you can travel around relatively quickly. The ACTUAL product is the tangible, physical product. You can get some use out of it. Again with the car example, it is the vehicle that you test drive, buy and then collect. The AUGMENTED product is the non-physical part of the product. It usually consists of lots of added value, for which you may or may not pay a premium. So when you buy a car, part of the augmented product would be the warranty, the customer service support offered by the cars manufacture, and any after-sales service. TRANSPORTATION IT IS SAID THAT ONE OF THE MAJOR LOGISTICAL BLABBER IS THE TRANSPORTATION. IN THE CASE OF JASHN PICKLES EXPORTING TO UAE IT IS NOT THAT DIFFICULT AS THE SEA TRANSPORT IS MUCH CHEAPER QUICK. OUR CONSIGNMENT WILL LEAVE FROM THE JNPT (JAWAHARLAL NEHRU PORT TRUST) IN NAVI MUMBAI TO JABEL ALI PRT IN DUBAI WHICH IS A FREE TRADE AREA. FROM THE JABEL ALI PORT OUR CONSIGNMENT WILL GO TO THE DEALERS IN DUBAI THEN TO THE WHOLESALERS THEN TO THE RETAILERS SUPERMARKETS OR RESTAURANTS FROM THERE FINALLY TO THE CUSTOMER. THE COST OF TRANSPORTATION WILL NOT BE HUGE AS THE IMPORT DUTY IN UAE IS JUST 5% THE UAE GOVERNMENT HAVE GIVEN US CERTAIN BENEFITS AS THE TRADE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE TWO COUNTRIES IS VERY GOOD. MARKETING MIX FOR A COMPANY TO SUCCEED IN A GLOBAL MARKET THE 4 PS OF MARKETING SHOULD BE VERY CLEAR. PRODUCT PLACE PRICE PROMOTION PACKAGING A good package for pickles should have the following attributes: Aroma retention Excellent protection against light, moisture and oxygen Excellent seal integrity for containment Grease and oil resistance Acid resistance Good aesthetics and appearance Types of Packaging for Pickles Traditionally, the practice was to prepare pickles at home and store in ceramic or earthenware jars. Gradually over the years, pickles are manufactured and commercially marketed in the country, as branded products. In our country, still large quantity of pickle is sold loose. The shopkeeper displays various types of pickles in large glass jars, and weighs out desired quantity of pickle to his customers. The customer trusts the shopkeeper for the quality and not the brand name. However, gradually pickle packed in glass bottles under different brand names, appeared in the market and became popular. The trend started in Maharashtra and Gujarat. Glass bottled pickles are almost double in cost because of heavy packing and transportation costs. They looked hygienic and appealed to the brand conscious upper class. With the advent of plastics, pickles packed in HDPE (high density polyethylene) and later PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) jars were introduced. HDPE jars are usually used for packing 1Kilogram and more. They are opaque so do not provide visibility of the pickle, but are convenient, as they do not break in transit. The PET jars are transparent, with good eye appeal and safe for pickle. PC (polycarbonate) bottles are best for pickles but they are still very costly. Over the last few years, cost effective flexible pouches of co-extruded and laminated structures have replaced glass jars. The pouches could be flat pillow pouches or stand-up pouches, which have a good display value. They are light in weight and hygienic. However, in flexible pouches, the sealant layer selection is very critical, as the contact layer needs to be acid and oil resistant. Failure of seals or surface stickiness can render the pack ineffective and un-saleable. Initially, the flexible packaging of pickles commenced as a simple LDPE (low density polyethylene) pouch, which neither provided protection from oxygen nor did it give an effective heat seal, as LDPE is not compatible with oil, causing failure of pouches. Gradually multi-layered coextruded pouches and laminated pouches were introduced. The capacity of the pouches range from 200 grams to 1 kilogram. The pouches could be flat pillow type or stand-up pouches for shelf display. To sum up: For catering / institutional packs 5 or 6 kilograms HDPE or PET jars. 20 kg HDPE jarsare also available and used for the purpose For consumers 400/500 grams glass jars or PET jars For cost conscious housewives printed pillow or stand-up pouches For portion packs polystyrene or polypropylene injection moulded containers with flexible heat-sealable, peel able lids. PRICING THE PRICING OF A PRODUCT CAN BE BIFURCATED AS THE COST OF THE PRODUCT + THE DUTY + PROFIT MARGIN. KEEPING THIS INTO CONSIDERATION THE PRICE OF JASHN PICKLES ARE 500 Gms 8 dirham 250 Gms 4.25 dirham 1kg (catering pack) 15 dirham Traveler pack 50 phills Har din ek Jashn pack 11 dirham PROMOTION For people to know that your product exists in the market you have to show them that your producr exists. Ways of promoting a product is very common but a successful marketer is the one who does common things in an uncommon way. This was the thought behind our promotional strategies. Our promotional strategies include the basic promotional ways like print media, television ads in uae (channel 33) which is very famous in uae. Tie ups with knowledge city in dubai which is an education hub to make indians there feel at home by providing them pickles with their meals. The special variety in uae is zatar which is very famous in all the 7 emirates especially in abu dhabi, dubai, sharjah. We would be setting up tasting zones in hypermarkets where the customers can taste our product give them their feedbacks. During the dubai shopping festival we would be putting up a stall to encourage more customers to buy our product. We will be having the pickle pot fiesta which is an 8 hour live music funfare. Most people will think it is not feasible how will we get funds? We have an answer to that alsoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. We will be inviting all the companies to buy a stall in our pot fiesta srk who is the bramd ambassador of jashn pickles performing at the show the money generated will go in the breast cancer relief fund. Thus our pickle will be advertised social responsibility to an extent might also be fulfilled. We have also tied up with a microsite called language of flavors which will be putting up billboards which will have different ways of spelling jashn pickles. This will be a huge hit as it is something which no one has evedr done before. Future plansWe are planning to set up manufacturing unit in jabel ali as its a free trade area. We will also be concentrating on the remaining 4 emirates from there on to the other gulf countries. As per the competition, we have major competition with eicher ltd, pravin bedekar. Our next pitstop after gulf countries will be japan italy as the pickle industry there is not competitive the market is huge. Our aim of this discussion or argument is not victory over other competitors but it is just progress. Jashn pickles Global marketing strategy Name : hasan al mutawa Id : 200810728

Is Collusion Possible :: essays papers

Is Collusion Possible 1. Introduction. In this essay I would discuss the price and output determination under the one essential type of imperfect competition markets- oligopoly. Inter-firm interactions in imperfect markets take many forms. Oligopoly theory, those name refers to "competition among the few", lack unambiguous results of these interactions unlike monopoly and perfect competition. There is a variety of results derived from many different behavioural assumptions, with each specific model potentially relevant to certain real-world situations, but not to others. Here we are interested in the strategic nature of competition between firms. "Strategic" means the dependence of each person's proper choice of action on what he expects the other to do. A strategic move of a person influences the other person's choice, the other person's expectation of how would this particular person behave, in order to produce the favourable outcome for him. 2. Two types of behaviour (Collusive and non-collusive). Models of enterprise decision making in oligopoly derive their special features from the fact that firms in an oligopolistic industry are interdependent and this is realised by these firms. When there are only a few producers, the reaction of rivals should be taken into account. There are two broad approaches to this problem. First, oligopolists may be thought of as agreeing to co-operate in setting price and quantity. This would be the Collusive model. According to this model, firms agree to act together in their price and quantity decisions and this would to exactly the same outcome as would have been under monopoly. Thus the explicit or co-operative collusion or Cartel would take place. Second approach of the oligopoly analysis is based on the assumption that firms do not co-operate, but make their decisions on the basis of guesses, expectations, about the variables to which their competitors are reaching and about the form and the nature of the reactions in question. The Non-collusive behaviour deals with this model. Here, though in equilibrium the expectations of each firm about the reactions of rivals are realised, the parties never actually communicate directly with each other about their likely reactions. The extreme case of this can even imply competitive behaviour. Such a situation is much less profitable for firms than the one in which they share the monopolistic profit. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the case of the possibility of collusion between firms in order to reach the monopolistic profits for the industry, assuming that they do not co-operate with each other.